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Before diving into geospatial analysis, it’s important to set up your working environment and familiarize yourself with the essential tools. This chapter will guide you through the process of installing R and RStudio, as well as the key packages required for handling geospatial data. You’ll also learn about the basic structure of geospatial datasets and how to prepare your system for efficient analysis. By the end of this chapter, you’ll have everything in place to start working with vector and raster data in RStudio.
To begin your geospatial journey in R, you’ll need to install two key components: R and RStudio. R is the programming language that powers your analysis, while RStudio is a user-friendly integrated development environment (IDE) that makes working with R easier.
1. Install R:
2. Install RStudio:
Once R and RStudio are installed, the next step is to set up the essential R packages for geospatial analysis. Packages like sf, terra, and dplyr provide the tools needed to handle spatial data, perform geospatial operations, and streamline data manipulation. We also use package ggplot2 for visualization purpose. To install these packages, open RStudio and run the following command in the Console:
# set CRAN mirror
options(repos = c(CRAN = "https://cran.rstudio.com/"))
# packages are only installed when necessary, avoiding repeated output
packages <- c("sf", "terra", "dplyr", "ggplot2", "tidyr")
installed_packages <- rownames(installed.packages())
missing_packages <- packages[!(packages %in% installed_packages)]
if(length(missing_packages)) install.packages(missing_packages, quiet = TRUE)This command will download and install the packages directly from CRAN. The sf package allows you to work with vector data using the Simple Features standard, while terra is designed for handling raster data. The dplyr package, part of the tidyverse, simplifies data manipulation with its intuitive functions. With these packages installed, you’ll have a solid foundation for geospatial analysis in R.
sessionInfo()R version 4.4.0 (2024-04-24 ucrt)
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64
Running under: Windows 11 x64 (build 22631)
Matrix products: default
locale:
[1] LC_COLLATE=English_Germany.utf8 LC_CTYPE=English_Germany.utf8
[3] LC_MONETARY=English_Germany.utf8 LC_NUMERIC=C
[5] LC_TIME=English_Germany.utf8
time zone: Europe/Berlin
tzcode source: internal
attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
other attached packages:
[1] workflowr_1.7.1
loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] vctrs_0.6.5 httr_1.4.7 cli_3.6.3 knitr_1.48
[5] rlang_1.1.4 xfun_0.47 stringi_1.8.4 processx_3.8.4
[9] promises_1.3.0 jsonlite_1.8.8 glue_1.7.0 rprojroot_2.0.4
[13] git2r_0.33.0 htmltools_0.5.8.1 httpuv_1.6.15 ps_1.8.1
[17] sass_0.4.9 fansi_1.0.6 rmarkdown_2.28 jquerylib_0.1.4
[21] tibble_3.2.1 evaluate_0.24.0 fastmap_1.2.0 yaml_2.3.10
[25] lifecycle_1.0.4 whisker_0.4.1 stringr_1.5.1 compiler_4.4.0
[29] fs_1.6.4 pkgconfig_2.0.3 Rcpp_1.0.13 rstudioapi_0.16.0
[33] later_1.3.2 digest_0.6.36 R6_2.5.1 utf8_1.2.4
[37] pillar_1.9.0 callr_3.7.6 magrittr_2.0.3 bslib_0.8.0
[41] tools_4.4.0 cachem_1.1.0 getPass_0.2-4